Research out of Drinks Contribution to help you Opportunity Consumption during the summer and you may Winter season

Device out-of Human Nutrition, Service away from Dining Science and you can Peoples Nutrients, Farming University from Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., Athens 11855, Greece; E-Mails: (O.Yards.); (V.B.); (An excellent.Z.)

This information is an open availability blog post distributed in terminology and standards of Innovative Commons Attribution license (

Abstract

All drinks hydrate and most also provide nutrients and energy. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of drinks to total energy intake in summer and winter. Data were obtained using the Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) from a sample of the general population in Athens, Greece (n = 984), 473 individuals (42 ± 18 years) in summer and 511 individuals (38 ± 20 years) in winter stratified by sex and age. The WBQ embeds a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire of 58 foods and the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the contribution of drinks to total energy intake. In winter, total energy intake was 2082 ± 892 kcal/day; energy intake from drinks was 479 ± 286 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1860 ± 390 kcal/day. In summer, total energy intake was 1890 ± 894 kcal/day, energy intake from drinks 492 ± 499 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1830 ± 491 kcal/day. Energy intake from drinks in summer was higher than in winter (p < 0.001)> Keywords: water balance questionnaire WBQ, winter, summer, hydration, sugar-sweetened drinks, drink

step one. Inclusion

Beverages from the kinds of tea, java, milk, juice, carbonated drinks, eating plan beverages, energy beverages and you will alcohol come in a large and you will broadening amount of choices. Assortment satisfies style needs, nutritional requirements, and you can life demands, if in case various products are available, it is very likely to reach euhydration .

Beverages contribute as much as 25%–50% out of water intake [dos,step three,4], hence he’s essential for appointment every single day h2o demands and achieving euhydration. Hydration could have been associated with restoration out-of regular actual and cognitive Internett functions .

However, it has been argued one drinks contribute rather on the growing obesity rates internationally [6,7], due to its opportunity blogs [8,9,10]. In a number of degree, Sugar Sweetened Drinks (SSB) usage might have been with the putting on weight in children and you can adults , if you are proof you to definitely coming down SSBs will reduce the risk of being obese and you will related diseases such type 2 diabetes might have been viewed while the compelling . Time consumption off beverages has grown significantly over the past forty ages by around 222 fat for every single individual on a daily basis .

However, products regarding individuals groups do not lead equally so you’re able to time intake . The energy posts of the drink in addition to practices designs may suggest otherwise, i.elizabeth., specific caloric beverages tends to be ate barely hence adding little or no in order to every single day times intake. This has been contended you to replacement sweetened caloric products with liquid can help reduce full opportunity consumption in overweight people . However, use of sweetened caloric drinks is a complex topic that can be looked at beyond the caloric contribution plus in the newest context out of weight reduction designs .

Also, at the same time so you’re able to restaurants consumption, various affairs particularly seasonality, physical working out membership and you will sex make a difference the brand new diversity inside take in choices and you may share to help you full energy consumption. Such products have not been fully investigated; further training of this type commonly clarify the present day matter-of energy consumption away from weight loss sources and you may of drinks in particular.

From inside the a past research conducted in Greece, using the Water Equilibrium Questionnaire (WBQ) unit, we found that within the 984 people, 24% from water intake comes from beverages . There can be an enthusiastic unequivocal have to after that complex throughout these results, elucidating the contribution out-of beverages in order to complete time intake and harmony.